Explore the finance pack / Agencies
Agencies.
The numbers behind the decisions.
Which clients and projects earn a sustainable margin once delivery time is included, and which cash balances are reserved for client spend?
Fictional company, records and figures. Real platform names identify example systems, without implying client relationships or partnerships.
Base forecast selected. Historical figures and the original budget stay unchanged.
CFO review
Fictional agency studio is an independently invented agencies business. August revenue is €156,000, with €15,400 EBITDA and 42.2% gross margin.
Base is the active forecast. Lowest dated available cash is €70,747 on 2026-10-27; the reserve is €50,000.
Retainers earned monthly; project fees recognised for delivered hours. Agency acts as agent for client media: prefunded media receipts and payments are excluded from net fee revenue. Media is settled within each month, with no month-end client-fund balance.
August revenue€156,000Net agency fees; client media spend excluded
August gross margin42.2%After delivery payroll and direct suppliers
August EBITDA€15,400Before depreciation, interest and illustrative tax
Lowest daily available cash€70,7472026-10-27
| Finding | Amount / measure | CFO focus |
|---|---|---|
| Overdue receivables | €132,000 | Collection promises and escalation |
| Unbilled work | €19,500 | Acceptance, billing and recoverability |
| Unscheduled payables | €10,580 | Approval, review and hold resolution |
| Capacity use | 68.3% | Committed work versus paid hours |
All amounts and records are fictional. This demonstrates a finance method, not client results.
Performance against the original plan
Costs are shown positive and deducted in calculating profit. Original budget remains fixed when the scenario changes.
| Metric | August actual | August budget | Variance | Jan–Aug actual | 2026 actual + forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | €156,000 | €167,310 | −€11,310 | €1,173,815 | €1,908,065 |
| Gross profit | €65,900 | €77,210 | −€11,310 | €525,460 | €890,450 |
| Gross margin | 42.2% | 46.1% | -3.9% | 44.8% | 46.7% |
| EBITDA | €15,400 | €26,710 | −€11,310 | €149,660 | €307,050 |
| Net profit | €9,637 | €18,685 | −€9,048 | €100,711 | €212,286 |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recurring fees | €62,000 | €62,500 | €68,750 | €70,400 | €70,400 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €86,450 | €87,100 | €93,800 | €95,900 |
| Project fees | €69,000 | €71,875 | €71,980 | €76,110 | €80,400 | €75,600 | €82,800 | €78,000 | €88,750 | €93,750 | €100,100 | €88,400 |
| Revenue | €131,000 | €134,375 | €140,730 | €146,510 | €150,800 | €153,600 | €160,800 | €156,000 | €175,200 | €180,850 | €193,900 | €184,300 |
| Delivery payroll | €56,400 | €56,400 | €61,750 | €61,750 | €62,400 | €67,200 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €69,300 | €74,250 | €75,000 |
| Subcontractors | €9,450 | €9,800 | €11,160 | €11,520 | €12,580 | €13,320 | €14,625 | €15,000 | €13,260 | €13,650 | €14,400 | €12,800 |
| Delivery software | €5,500 | €5,500 | €5,800 | €5,800 | €6,000 | €6,200 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €7,200 | €7,200 |
| Direct costs | €71,350 | €71,700 | €78,710 | €79,070 | €80,980 | €86,720 | €89,725 | €90,100 | €88,660 | €89,750 | €95,850 | €95,000 |
| Gross profit | €59,650 | €62,675 | €62,020 | €67,440 | €69,820 | €66,880 | €71,075 | €65,900 | €86,540 | €91,100 | €98,050 | €89,300 |
| Gross margin | 45.5% | 46.6% | 44.1% | 46.0% | 46.3% | 43.5% | 44.2% | 42.2% | 49.4% | 50.4% | 50.6% | 48.5% |
| Operating expenses | €44,000 | €44,500 | €45,500 | €45,900 | €46,700 | €48,200 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,000 | €51,000 | €53,800 | €52,800 |
| EBITDA | €15,650 | €18,175 | €16,520 | €21,540 | €23,120 | €18,680 | €20,575 | €15,400 | €36,540 | €40,100 | €44,250 | €36,500 |
| Depreciation | €1,967 | €1,967 | €2,300 | €2,300 | €2,467 | €2,467 | €2,856 | €2,856 | €3,744 | €3,967 | €4,133 | €4,300 |
| Interest | €650 | €628 | €607 | €585 | €563 | €542 | €520 | €498 | €477 | €455 | €433 | €412 |
| Profit before tax | €13,033 | €15,580 | €13,613 | €18,655 | €20,090 | €15,672 | €17,199 | €12,046 | €32,319 | €35,678 | €39,683 | €31,788 |
| Illustrative tax | €2,607 | €3,116 | €2,723 | €3,731 | €4,018 | €3,134 | €3,440 | €2,409 | €6,464 | €7,136 | €7,937 | €6,358 |
| Net profit | €10,427 | €12,464 | €10,891 | €14,924 | €16,072 | €12,537 | €13,760 | €9,637 | €25,855 | €28,543 | €31,747 | €25,431 |
| Stream | Share | Revenue | Internal hours | Payroll | Subcontractors | Other direct cost | Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retainer portfolio A | 40.0% | €31,200 | 306 | €13,720 | €3,000 | €1,300 | €13,180 |
| Retainer portfolio B | 35.0% | €27,300 | 267.75 | €12,005 | €2,625 | €1,138 | €11,532 |
| Retainer portfolio C | 25.0% | €19,500 | 191.25 | €8,575 | €1,875 | €812 | €8,238 |
| Project delivery A | 60.0% | €46,800 | 459 | €20,580 | €4,500 | €1,950 | €19,770 |
| Project delivery B | 40.0% | €31,200 | 306 | €13,720 | €3,000 | €1,300 | €13,180 |
Integrated financial statements
Cash rolls from the cash-flow statement into the balance sheet. Retained earnings roll from profit. Working-capital and tax schedules explain the cash effect of accrual accounting.
Negative cash is an unfunded requirement. No undrawn facility is assumed.
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash / (unfunded requirement) | €160,140 | €164,765 | €148,443 | €154,397 | €149,660 | €143,190 | €130,321 | €127,767 | €135,927 | €143,439 | €165,924 | €200,006 |
| Accounts receivable | €128,000 | €137,000 | €146,000 | €158,000 | €174,000 | €189,000 | €203,000 | €220,000 | €183,880 | €204,185 | €219,753 | €202,135 |
| Unbilled contract assets | €9,660 | €10,781 | €11,517 | €12,178 | €14,472 | €15,120 | €19,044 | €19,500 | €14,200 | €14,062 | €14,014 | €10,608 |
| Net fixed assets | €65,033 | €63,067 | €72,767 | €70,467 | €74,000 | €71,533 | €82,678 | €79,822 | €108,078 | €112,111 | €113,978 | €115,678 |
| Current tax prepayment | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €1,358 | €0 | €0 | €0 |
| Total assets | €362,833 | €375,613 | €378,727 | €395,042 | €412,132 | €418,843 | €435,043 | €447,089 | €443,443 | €473,798 | €513,669 | €528,427 |
| Accounts payable | €31,000 | €32,000 | €35,000 | €36,000 | €37,000 | €39,000 | €42,000 | €46,000 | €27,297 | €27,072 | €28,580 | €26,709 |
| Payroll accruals | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 |
| Advance contract billings | €24,800 | €25,000 | €27,500 | €28,160 | €28,160 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €34,580 | €34,840 | €37,520 | €38,360 |
| Current tax payable | €9,607 | €12,723 | €3,445 | €7,176 | €11,194 | €4,329 | €7,769 | €10,178 | €0 | €5,777 | €13,714 | €8,072 |
| Debt | €116,000 | €112,000 | €108,000 | €104,000 | €100,000 | €96,000 | €92,000 | €88,000 | €84,000 | €80,000 | €76,000 | €72,000 |
| Total liabilities | €199,407 | €199,723 | €191,945 | €193,336 | €194,354 | €188,529 | €190,969 | €193,378 | €163,877 | €165,689 | €173,814 | €163,141 |
| Share capital | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 |
| Retained earnings | €113,427 | €125,891 | €136,781 | €151,705 | €167,777 | €180,315 | €194,074 | €203,711 | €229,566 | €258,109 | €289,856 | €315,286 |
| Total equity | €163,427 | €175,891 | €186,781 | €201,705 | €217,777 | €230,315 | €244,074 | €253,711 | €279,566 | €308,109 | €339,856 | €365,286 |
| Assets less liabilities and equity | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | €0 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | €0 | €0.000000 | €0.000000 | €0 |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net profit | €10,427 | €12,464 | €10,891 | €14,924 | €16,072 | €12,537 | €13,760 | €9,637 | €25,855 | €28,543 | €31,747 | €25,431 |
| Depreciation add-back | €1,967 | €1,967 | €2,300 | €2,300 | €2,467 | €2,467 | €2,856 | €2,856 | €3,744 | €3,967 | €4,133 | €4,300 |
| Receivables cash effect | −€13,000 | −€9,000 | −€9,000 | −€12,000 | −€16,000 | −€15,000 | −€14,000 | −€17,000 | €36,120 | −€20,305 | −€15,568 | €17,618 |
| Unbilled work cash effect | €5,340 | −€1,121 | −€736 | −€661 | −€2,294 | −€648 | −€3,924 | −€456 | €5,300 | €138 | €48 | €3,406 |
| Payables cash effect | €1,000 | €1,000 | €3,000 | €1,000 | €1,000 | €2,000 | €3,000 | €4,000 | −€18,703 | −€225 | €1,508 | −€1,871 |
| Advance billings cash effect | €1,800 | €200 | €2,500 | €660 | €0 | €3,040 | €0 | €0 | €3,380 | €260 | €2,680 | €840 |
| Tax balance cash effect | €2,607 | €3,116 | −€9,277 | €3,731 | €4,018 | −€6,866 | €3,440 | €2,409 | −€11,536 | €7,136 | €7,937 | −€5,642 |
| Operating cash flow | €10,140 | €8,625 | −€322 | €9,954 | €5,262 | −€2,470 | €5,131 | €1,446 | €44,160 | €19,512 | €32,485 | €44,081 |
| Capital expenditure | −€6,000 | €0 | −€12,000 | €0 | −€6,000 | €0 | −€14,000 | €0 | −€32,000 | −€8,000 | −€6,000 | −€6,000 |
| Debt principal | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 |
| Net cash change | €140 | €4,625 | −€16,322 | €5,954 | −€4,738 | −€6,470 | −€12,869 | −€2,554 | €8,160 | €7,512 | €22,485 | €34,081 |
| Opening cash | €160,000 | €160,140 | €164,765 | €148,443 | €154,397 | €149,660 | €143,190 | €130,321 | €127,767 | €135,927 | €143,439 | €165,924 |
| Closing cash | €160,140 | €164,765 | €148,443 | €154,397 | €149,660 | €143,190 | €130,321 | €127,767 | €135,927 | €143,439 | €165,924 | €200,006 |
Commercial drivers and delivery capacity
Change the authoritative selector and dated assumptions in the downloadable workbook. The website shows evaluated Base and Downside results from that same model.
Available hours are 160 per paid FTE each month. Subcontractor hours reduce internal hours required; spare capacity remains visible.
| Driver | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retainer accounts | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 |
| Delivered project hours | 600 | 625 | 610 | 645 | 670 | 630 | 690 | 650 | 710 | 750 | 770 | 680 |
| Monthly hours per retainer | 82 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 88 | 90 | 90 | 85 | 85 | 84 | 84 |
| Paid delivery FTE | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
| Subcontractor hours | 135 | 140 | 155 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 195 | 200 | 170 | 175 | 180 | 160 |
| Target closing AR days | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 35 | 34 | 34 |
| New supplier payable days | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Opening AR collection delay days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Driver | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monthly retainer fee | €6,200 | €6,250 | €6,250 | €6,400 | €6,400 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,650 | €6,700 | €6,700 | €6,850 |
| Project hourly rate | €115 | €115 | €118 | €118 | €120 | €120 | €120 | €120 | €125 | €125 | €130 | €130 |
| Client media spend administered | €180,000 | €190,000 | €195,000 | €205,000 | €210,000 | €235,000 | €245,000 | €265,000 | €285,000 | €300,000 | €335,000 | €320,000 |
| Loaded monthly pay per FTE | €4,700 | €4,700 | €4,750 | €4,750 | €4,800 | €4,800 | €4,900 | €4,900 | €4,900 | €4,950 | €4,950 | €5,000 |
| Subcontractor hourly rate | €70 | €70 | €72 | €72 | €74 | €74 | €75 | €75 | €78 | €78 | €80 | €80 |
| Direct delivery software | €5,500 | €5,500 | €5,800 | €5,800 | €6,000 | €6,200 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €7,200 | €7,200 |
| Management and admin payroll | €25,000 | €25,000 | €25,500 | €25,500 | €26,000 | €27,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €29,500 | €29,500 |
| Sales and marketing | €8,000 | €8,500 | €8,500 | €9,000 | €9,000 | €9,500 | €10,000 | €10,000 | €10,000 | €11,000 | €11,500 | €10,500 |
| Office and general costs | €7,000 | €7,000 | €7,000 | €7,200 | €7,200 | €7,200 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,800 | €7,800 |
| Professional fees | €4,000 | €4,000 | €4,500 | €4,200 | €4,500 | €4,500 | €5,000 | €5,000 | €4,500 | €4,500 | €5,000 | €5,000 |
| Capital purchases | €6,000 | €0 | €12,000 | €0 | €6,000 | €0 | €14,000 | €0 | €32,000 | €8,000 | €6,000 | €6,000 |
| Cash tax paid | €0 | €0 | €12,000 | €0 | €0 | €10,000 | €0 | €0 | €18,000 | €0 | €0 | €12,000 |
| Driver | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unbilled project revenue share | 14.0% | 15.0% | 16.0% | 16.0% | 18.0% | 20.0% | 23.0% | 25.0% | 16.0% | 15.0% | 14.0% | 12.0% |
| Advance contract billing share | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retainer fee revenue | €62,000 | €62,500 | €68,750 | €70,400 | €70,400 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €86,450 | €87,100 | €93,800 | €95,900 |
| Delivered project fee revenue | €69,000 | €71,875 | €71,980 | €76,110 | €80,400 | €75,600 | €82,800 | €78,000 | €88,750 | €93,750 | €100,100 | €88,400 |
| Client media (excluded from revenue) | €180,000 | €190,000 | €195,000 | €205,000 | €210,000 | €235,000 | €245,000 | €265,000 | €285,000 | €300,000 | €335,000 | €320,000 |
| Loaded delivery payroll | €56,400 | €56,400 | €61,750 | €61,750 | €62,400 | €67,200 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €69,300 | €74,250 | €75,000 |
| Subcontractor cost | €9,450 | €9,800 | €11,160 | €11,520 | €12,580 | €13,320 | €14,625 | €15,000 | €13,260 | €13,650 | €14,400 | €12,800 |
| Direct software | €5,500 | €5,500 | €5,800 | €5,800 | €6,000 | €6,200 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €7,200 | €7,200 |
| Total recognised revenue | €131,000 | €134,375 | €140,730 | €146,510 | €150,800 | €153,600 | €160,800 | €156,000 | €175,200 | €180,850 | €193,900 | €184,300 |
| Total direct costs | €71,350 | €71,700 | €78,710 | €79,070 | €80,980 | €86,720 | €89,725 | €90,100 | €88,660 | €89,750 | €95,850 | €95,000 |
| Gross profit | €59,650 | €62,675 | €62,020 | €67,440 | €69,820 | €66,880 | €71,075 | €65,900 | €86,540 | €91,100 | €98,050 | €89,300 |
| Operating expenses | €44,000 | €44,500 | €45,500 | €45,900 | €46,700 | €48,200 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,000 | €51,000 | €53,800 | €52,800 |
| EBITDA | €15,650 | €18,175 | €16,520 | €21,540 | €23,120 | €18,680 | €20,575 | €15,400 | €36,540 | €40,100 | €44,250 | €36,500 |
| Billings before contract advances | €136,340 | €133,254 | €139,994 | €145,849 | €148,506 | €152,952 | €156,876 | €155,544 | €180,500 | €180,988 | €193,948 | €187,706 |
| Measure | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total client delivery hours | 1,420 | 1,465 | 1,534 | 1,580 | 1,616 | 1,686 | 1,770 | 1,730 | 1,815 | 1,855 | 1,946 | 1,856 |
| Gross margin | 45.5% | 46.6% | 44.1% | 46.0% | 46.3% | 43.5% | 44.2% | 42.2% | 49.4% | 50.4% | 50.6% | 48.5% |
| Internal delivery hours | 1,285 | 1,325 | 1,379 | 1,420 | 1,446 | 1,506 | 1,575 | 1,530 | 1,645 | 1,680 | 1,766 | 1,696 |
| Available internal hours | 1,920 | 1,920 | 2,080 | 2,080 | 2,080 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,400 | 2,400 |
| Internal capacity utilisation | 66.9% | 69.0% | 66.3% | 68.3% | 69.5% | 67.2% | 70.3% | 68.3% | 73.4% | 75.0% | 73.6% | 70.7% |
| Unallocated internal hours | 635 | 595 | 701 | 660 | 634 | 734 | 665 | 710 | 595 | 560 | 634 | 704 |
| Recurring service fees / revenue | 47.3% | 46.5% | 48.9% | 48.1% | 46.7% | 50.8% | 48.5% | 50.0% | 49.3% | 48.2% | 48.4% | 52.0% |
| Support tickets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Receivables, payables and billing discipline
Ageing uses the 31 August reporting date. Receipt dates change under the Downside collection-delay assumption.
Invoices awaiting approval or review, or held for resolution, remain payable but do not enter the scheduled payment forecast.
| Record | Invoice date | Due date | Outstanding | Forecast receipt | Days overdue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR-1 | 2026-06-05 | 2026-07-05 | €24,200 | 2026-09-04 | 57 |
| AR-2 | 2026-06-07 | 2026-07-07 | €26,400 | 2026-09-11 | 55 |
| AR-3 | 2026-06-09 | 2026-07-09 | €28,600 | 2026-09-18 | 53 |
| AR-4 | 2026-07-11 | 2026-08-11 | €22,000 | 2026-09-25 | 20 |
| AR-5 | 2026-07-13 | 2026-08-13 | €30,800 | 2026-09-04 | 18 |
| AR-6 | 2026-08-15 | 2026-09-15 | €26,400 | 2026-09-11 | 0 |
| AR-7 | 2026-08-17 | 2026-09-17 | €33,000 | 2026-09-18 | 0 |
| AR-8 | 2026-08-19 | 2026-09-19 | €28,600 | 2026-09-25 | 0 |
| Record | Invoice total | Paid | Outstanding | Approval | Review | Hold | Scheduled date | Next action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AP-1 | €7,060 | €2,000 | €5,060 | Pending | Complete | Yes | Unscheduled | Approval. Release hold. |
| AP-2 | €5,980 | €0 | €5,980 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-04 | Scheduled |
| AP-3 | €6,440 | €0 | €6,440 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-11 | Scheduled |
| AP-4 | €7,520 | €2,000 | €5,520 | Approved | Pending | No | Unscheduled | Review. |
| AP-5 | €7,360 | €0 | €7,360 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-18 | Scheduled |
| AP-6 | €5,060 | €0 | €5,060 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-18 | Scheduled |
| AP-7 | €7,520 | €2,000 | €5,520 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-25 | Scheduled |
| AP-8 | €5,060 | €0 | €5,060 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-25 | Scheduled |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accounts receivable | €128,000 | €137,000 | €146,000 | €158,000 | €174,000 | €189,000 | €203,000 | €220,000 | €183,880 | €204,185 | €219,753 | €202,135 |
| Unbilled contract assets | €9,660 | €10,781 | €11,517 | €12,178 | €14,472 | €15,120 | €19,044 | €19,500 | €14,200 | €14,062 | €14,014 | €10,608 |
| Accounts payable | €31,000 | €32,000 | €35,000 | €36,000 | €37,000 | €39,000 | €42,000 | €46,000 | €27,297 | €27,072 | €28,580 | €26,709 |
| Advance contract billings | €24,800 | €25,000 | €27,500 | €28,160 | €28,160 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €34,580 | €34,840 | €37,520 | €38,360 |
13-week cash and dated commitments
The bank balance is after 31 August activity. Week one covers 1–6 September. The 13-week window ends 29 November; 30 November appears separately for the month-end bridge.
Daily available cash appears alongside bank cash and weekly closes. Client media money is reserved for its purpose and excluded from available funds. No intraday order is assumed.
Closing cashMinimum cash reserve €50,000
| Week | Starts | Opening bank cash | Net cash | Closing bank cash | Client funds reserved | Available cash | Reserve headroom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W1 | 2026-09-01 | €127,767 | €334,020 | €461,787 | €285,000 | €176,787 | €126,787 |
| W2 | 2026-09-07 | €461,787 | −€292,640 | €169,147 | €0 | €169,147 | €119,147 |
| W3 | 2026-09-14 | €169,147 | €47,676 | €216,822 | €0 | €216,822 | €166,822 |
| W4 | 2026-09-21 | €216,822 | −€74,580 | €142,242 | €0 | €142,242 | €92,242 |
| W5 | 2026-09-28 | €142,242 | −€6,315 | €135,927 | €0 | €135,927 | €85,927 |
| W6 | 2026-10-05 | €135,927 | −€31,000 | €104,927 | €0 | €104,927 | €54,927 |
| W7 | 2026-10-12 | €104,927 | €63,120 | €168,047 | €0 | €168,047 | €118,047 |
| W8 | 2026-10-19 | €168,047 | −€97,300 | €70,747 | €0 | €70,747 | €20,747 |
| W9 | 2026-10-26 | €70,747 | €72,692 | €143,439 | €0 | €143,439 | €93,439 |
| W10 | 2026-11-02 | €143,439 | €329,000 | €472,439 | €335,000 | €137,439 | €87,439 |
| W11 | 2026-11-09 | €472,439 | −€286,864 | €185,575 | €0 | €185,575 | €135,575 |
| W12 | 2026-11-16 | €185,575 | €0 | €185,575 | €0 | €185,575 | €135,575 |
| W13 | 2026-11-23 | €185,575 | −€19,651 | €165,924 | €0 | €165,924 | €115,924 |
| Reference | Date | Category | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| AR-1 | 2026-09-04 | Customer receipts | €24,200 |
| AR-2 | 2026-09-11 | Customer receipts | €26,400 |
| AR-3 | 2026-09-18 | Customer receipts | €28,600 |
| AR-4 | 2026-09-25 | Customer receipts | €22,000 |
| AR-5 | 2026-09-04 | Customer receipts | €30,800 |
| AR-6 | 2026-09-11 | Customer receipts | €26,400 |
| AR-7 | 2026-09-18 | Customer receipts | €33,000 |
| AR-8 | 2026-09-25 | Customer receipts | €28,600 |
| AP-1 | Not scheduled | Supplier payments | €0 |
| AP-2 | 2026-09-04 | Supplier payments | −€5,980 |
| AP-3 | 2026-09-11 | Supplier payments | −€6,440 |
| AP-4 | Not scheduled | Supplier payments | €0 |
| AP-5 | 2026-09-18 | Supplier payments | −€7,360 |
| AP-6 | 2026-09-18 | Supplier payments | −€5,060 |
| AP-7 | 2026-09-25 | Supplier payments | −€5,520 |
| AP-8 | 2026-09-25 | Supplier payments | −€5,060 |
| NEW-receipts-9-A | 2026-09-15 | Customer receipts | €0 |
| NEW-receipts-9-B | 2026-09-28 | Customer receipts | €0 |
| NEW-supplier-9-A | 2026-09-15 | Supplier payments | −€1,504 |
| NEW-supplier-9-B | 2026-09-28 | Supplier payments | −€1,839 |
| SCH-payroll-9 | 2026-09-25 | Payroll | −€96,600 |
| SCH-overheads-9 | 2026-09-10 | Operating overheads | −€22,000 |
| SCH-tax-9 | 2026-09-21 | Tax paid | −€18,000 |
| SCH-capex-9 | 2026-09-08 | Capital purchases | −€32,000 |
| SCH-debt-9 | 2026-09-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-9 | 2026-09-28 | Interest paid | −€477 |
| SCH-mediaIn-9 | 2026-09-05 | Client media funds received | €285,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-9 | 2026-09-10 | Client media funds paid | −€285,000 |
| NEW-receipts-10-A | 2026-10-15 | Customer receipts | €72,424 |
| NEW-receipts-10-B | 2026-10-28 | Customer receipts | €88,518 |
| NEW-supplier-10-A | 2026-10-15 | Supplier payments | −€9,304 |
| NEW-supplier-10-B | 2026-10-28 | Supplier payments | −€11,371 |
| SCH-payroll-10 | 2026-10-25 | Payroll | −€97,300 |
| SCH-overheads-10 | 2026-10-10 | Operating overheads | −€23,000 |
| SCH-tax-10 | 2026-10-21 | Tax paid | €0 |
| SCH-capex-10 | 2026-10-08 | Capital purchases | −€8,000 |
| SCH-debt-10 | 2026-10-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-10 | 2026-10-28 | Interest paid | −€455 |
| SCH-mediaIn-10 | 2026-10-05 | Client media funds received | €300,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-10 | 2026-10-10 | Client media funds paid | −€300,000 |
| NEW-receipts-11-A | 2026-11-15 | Customer receipts | €81,477 |
| NEW-receipts-11-B | 2026-11-28 | Customer receipts | €99,583 |
| NEW-supplier-11-A | 2026-11-15 | Supplier payments | −€9,041 |
| NEW-supplier-11-B | 2026-11-28 | Supplier payments | −€11,051 |
| SCH-payroll-11 | 2026-11-25 | Payroll | −€103,750 |
| SCH-overheads-11 | 2026-11-10 | Operating overheads | −€24,300 |
| SCH-tax-11 | 2026-11-21 | Tax paid | €0 |
| SCH-capex-11 | 2026-11-08 | Capital purchases | −€6,000 |
| SCH-debt-11 | 2026-11-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-11 | 2026-11-28 | Interest paid | −€433 |
| SCH-mediaIn-11 | 2026-11-05 | Client media funds received | €335,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-11 | 2026-11-10 | Client media funds paid | −€335,000 |
| NEW-receipts-12-A | 2026-12-15 | Customer receipts | €92,774 |
| NEW-receipts-12-B | 2026-12-28 | Customer receipts | €113,390 |
| NEW-supplier-12-A | 2026-12-15 | Supplier payments | −€9,842 |
| NEW-supplier-12-B | 2026-12-28 | Supplier payments | −€12,029 |
| SCH-payroll-12 | 2026-12-25 | Payroll | −€104,500 |
| SCH-overheads-12 | 2026-12-10 | Operating overheads | −€23,300 |
| SCH-tax-12 | 2026-12-21 | Tax paid | −€12,000 |
| SCH-capex-12 | 2026-12-08 | Capital purchases | −€6,000 |
| SCH-debt-12 | 2026-12-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-12 | 2026-12-28 | Interest paid | −€412 |
| SCH-mediaIn-12 | 2026-12-05 | Client media funds received | €320,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-12 | 2026-12-10 | Client media funds paid | −€320,000 |
| Date | Opening bank cash | Net cash | Closing bank cash | Reserved client funds | Available cash |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-09-04 | €127,767 | €49,020 | €176,787 | €0 | €176,787 |
| 2026-09-05 | €176,787 | €285,000 | €461,787 | €285,000 | €176,787 |
| 2026-09-08 | €461,787 | −€32,000 | €429,787 | €285,000 | €144,787 |
| 2026-09-10 | €429,787 | −€307,000 | €122,787 | €0 | €122,787 |
| 2026-09-11 | €122,787 | €46,360 | €169,147 | €0 | €169,147 |
| 2026-09-15 | €169,147 | −€1,504 | €167,642 | €0 | €167,642 |
| 2026-09-18 | €167,642 | €49,180 | €216,822 | €0 | €216,822 |
| 2026-09-21 | €216,822 | −€18,000 | €198,822 | €0 | €198,822 |
| 2026-09-25 | €198,822 | −€56,580 | €142,242 | €0 | €142,242 |
| 2026-09-28 | €142,242 | −€6,315 | €135,927 | €0 | €135,927 |
| 2026-10-05 | €135,927 | €300,000 | €435,927 | €300,000 | €135,927 |
| 2026-10-08 | €435,927 | −€8,000 | €427,927 | €300,000 | €127,927 |
| 2026-10-10 | €427,927 | −€323,000 | €104,927 | €0 | €104,927 |
| 2026-10-15 | €104,927 | €63,120 | €168,047 | €0 | €168,047 |
| 2026-10-25 | €168,047 | −€97,300 | €70,747 | €0 | €70,747 |
| 2026-10-28 | €70,747 | €72,692 | €143,439 | €0 | €143,439 |
| 2026-11-05 | €143,439 | €335,000 | €478,439 | €335,000 | €143,439 |
| 2026-11-08 | €478,439 | −€6,000 | €472,439 | €335,000 | €137,439 |
| 2026-11-10 | €472,439 | −€359,300 | €113,139 | €0 | €113,139 |
| 2026-11-15 | €113,139 | €72,436 | €185,575 | €0 | €185,575 |
| 2026-11-25 | €185,575 | −€103,750 | €81,825 | €0 | €81,825 |
| 2026-11-28 | €81,825 | €84,099 | €165,924 | €0 | €165,924 |
| 2026-11-30 | €165,924 | €0 | €165,924 | €0 | €165,924 |
Daily available cash low: €70,747 on 2026-10-27. Funding to restore reserve at that point: €0.
Reconciliations and accounting conventions
Differences are evaluated from the selected workbook case. A numerical tie is a consistency check, not an audit opinion.
Tax is a simplified 20% positive-profit assumption. VAT, jurisdiction-specific tax rules, foreign exchange and new financing facilities are excluded.
| Check | Maximum absolute difference | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Balance sheet balances | €0.000000 | €0.01 |
| Cash flow closes to balance sheet cash | €0 | €0.01 |
| Receivables roll forward | €0 | €0.01 |
| Payables roll forward | €0.000000 | €0.01 |
| Opening AR records tie to August | €0 | €0.01 |
| Opening AP records tie to August | €0 | €0.01 |
| Dated events tie to monthly cash flow | €0.000000 | €0.01 |
| Contribution ties to August gross profit | €0 | €0.01 |
| Media receipts equal media payments | €0 | €0.01 |
| Area | Convention |
|---|---|
| Revenue | Retainers earned monthly; project fees recognised for delivered hours. Agency acts as agent for client media: prefunded media receipts and payments are excluded from net fee revenue. Media is settled within each month, with no month-end client-fund balance. |
| Budget | Fixed original dated plan, separate from scenario inputs |
| Assets | Opening monthly depreciation €1,800; new assets 36 months, full purchase month |
| Debt | €4,000 monthly principal; 6.5% annual interest on opening debt |
| Cash timing | Known invoices first; residual receipts/payments 45% on day 15, 55% on day 28 |
| Missing assumptions | Selected blank inputs expose unavailable results; zero remains valid |
CFO actions and decisions
Illustrative actions from the selected model. Owners and dates turn the analysis into a review agenda and a record of follow-through.
| Priority | Finding | Owner | Due | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | €132,000 overdue receivables | Finance lead | 4 September | Obtain invoice-specific payment commitments and escalate broken promises. |
| High | Available cash low €70,747 on 2026-10-27 | CEO / CFO | 7 September | Review planned capital spending and confirm funding before commitments. |
| High | €19,500 unbilled project work | CFO / commercial lead | 8 September | Check delivery acceptance, billing readiness and scope write-offs. |
| Medium | Internal capacity use 68.3% | Delivery lead | 9 September | Match committed work, subcontractor hours and paid capacity before hiring. |
| Medium | €10,580 AP not scheduled | Operations lead | 4 September | Complete approval and review and release valid holds separately. |
CFO review
Fictional agency studio is an independently invented agencies business. August revenue is €156,000, with €15,400 EBITDA and 42.2% gross margin.
Downside is the active forecast. Lowest dated available cash is €-53,096 on 2026-11-27; the reserve is €50,000.
Retainers earned monthly; project fees recognised for delivered hours. Agency acts as agent for client media: prefunded media receipts and payments are excluded from net fee revenue. Media is settled within each month, with no month-end client-fund balance.
August revenue€156,000Net agency fees; client media spend excluded
August gross margin42.2%After delivery payroll and direct suppliers
August EBITDA€15,400Before depreciation, interest and illustrative tax
Lowest daily available cash−€53,0962026-11-27
| Finding | Amount / measure | CFO focus |
|---|---|---|
| Overdue receivables | €132,000 | Collection promises and escalation |
| Unbilled work | €19,500 | Acceptance, billing and recoverability |
| Unscheduled payables | €10,580 | Approval, review and hold resolution |
| Capacity use | 68.3% | Committed work versus paid hours |
All amounts and records are fictional. This demonstrates a finance method, not client results.
Performance against the original plan
Costs are shown positive and deducted in calculating profit. Original budget remains fixed when the scenario changes.
| Metric | August actual | August budget | Variance | Jan–Aug actual | 2026 actual + forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | €156,000 | €167,310 | −€11,310 | €1,173,815 | €1,746,135 |
| Gross profit | €65,900 | €77,210 | −€11,310 | €525,460 | €727,885 |
| Gross margin | 42.2% | 46.1% | -3.9% | 44.8% | 41.7% |
| EBITDA | €15,400 | €26,710 | −€11,310 | €149,660 | €150,585 |
| Net profit | €9,637 | €18,685 | −€9,048 | €100,711 | €82,463 |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recurring fees | €62,000 | €62,500 | €68,750 | €70,400 | €70,400 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €71,500 | €70,950 | €70,950 |
| Project fees | €69,000 | €71,875 | €71,980 | €76,110 | €80,400 | €75,600 | €82,800 | €78,000 | €75,600 | €70,800 | €69,620 | €64,900 |
| Revenue | €131,000 | €134,375 | €140,730 | €146,510 | €150,800 | €153,600 | €160,800 | €156,000 | €153,600 | €142,300 | €140,570 | €135,850 |
| Delivery payroll | €56,400 | €56,400 | €61,750 | €61,750 | €62,400 | €67,200 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €69,300 | €69,300 | €70,000 |
| Subcontractors | €9,450 | €9,800 | €11,160 | €11,520 | €12,580 | €13,320 | €14,625 | €15,000 | €17,220 | €16,400 | €16,150 | €15,725 |
| Delivery software | €5,500 | €5,500 | €5,800 | €5,800 | €6,000 | €6,200 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €6,800 |
| Direct costs | €71,350 | €71,700 | €78,710 | €79,070 | €80,980 | €86,720 | €89,725 | €90,100 | €92,620 | €92,500 | €92,250 | €92,525 |
| Gross profit | €59,650 | €62,675 | €62,020 | €67,440 | €69,820 | €66,880 | €71,075 | €65,900 | €60,980 | €49,800 | €48,320 | €43,325 |
| Gross margin | 45.5% | 46.6% | 44.1% | 46.0% | 46.3% | 43.5% | 44.2% | 42.2% | 39.7% | 35.0% | 34.4% | 31.9% |
| Operating expenses | €44,000 | €44,500 | €45,500 | €45,900 | €46,700 | €48,200 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,000 |
| EBITDA | €15,650 | €18,175 | €16,520 | €21,540 | €23,120 | €18,680 | €20,575 | €15,400 | €10,480 | −€700 | −€2,180 | −€6,675 |
| Depreciation | €1,967 | €1,967 | €2,300 | €2,300 | €2,467 | €2,467 | €2,856 | €2,856 | €3,744 | €3,967 | €4,133 | €4,300 |
| Interest | €650 | €628 | €607 | €585 | €563 | €542 | €520 | €498 | €477 | €455 | €433 | €412 |
| Profit before tax | €13,033 | €15,580 | €13,613 | €18,655 | €20,090 | €15,672 | €17,199 | €12,046 | €6,259 | −€5,122 | −€6,747 | −€11,387 |
| Illustrative tax | €2,607 | €3,116 | €2,723 | €3,731 | €4,018 | €3,134 | €3,440 | €2,409 | €1,252 | €0 | €0 | €0 |
| Net profit | €10,427 | €12,464 | €10,891 | €14,924 | €16,072 | €12,537 | €13,760 | €9,637 | €5,007 | −€5,122 | −€6,747 | −€11,387 |
| Stream | Share | Revenue | Internal hours | Payroll | Subcontractors | Other direct cost | Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retainer portfolio A | 40.0% | €31,200 | 306 | €13,720 | €3,000 | €1,300 | €13,180 |
| Retainer portfolio B | 35.0% | €27,300 | 267.75 | €12,005 | €2,625 | €1,138 | €11,532 |
| Retainer portfolio C | 25.0% | €19,500 | 191.25 | €8,575 | €1,875 | €812 | €8,238 |
| Project delivery A | 60.0% | €46,800 | 459 | €20,580 | €4,500 | €1,950 | €19,770 |
| Project delivery B | 40.0% | €31,200 | 306 | €13,720 | €3,000 | €1,300 | €13,180 |
Integrated financial statements
Cash rolls from the cash-flow statement into the balance sheet. Retained earnings roll from profit. Working-capital and tax schedules explain the cash effect of accrual accounting.
Negative cash is an unfunded requirement. No undrawn facility is assumed.
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash / (unfunded requirement) | €160,140 | €164,765 | €148,443 | €154,397 | €149,660 | €143,190 | €130,321 | €127,767 | €34,943 | €28,709 | −€3,758 | −€11,701 |
| Accounts receivable | €128,000 | €137,000 | €146,000 | €158,000 | €174,000 | €189,000 | €203,000 | €220,000 | €250,880 | €238,697 | €257,712 | €241,024 |
| Unbilled contract assets | €9,660 | €10,781 | €11,517 | €12,178 | €14,472 | €15,120 | €19,044 | €19,500 | €18,144 | €19,824 | €20,886 | €19,470 |
| Net fixed assets | €65,033 | €63,067 | €72,767 | €70,467 | €74,000 | €71,533 | €82,678 | €79,822 | €108,078 | €112,111 | €113,978 | €115,678 |
| Current tax prepayment | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €6,570 | €6,570 | €6,570 | €14,570 |
| Total assets | €362,833 | €375,613 | €378,727 | €395,042 | €412,132 | €418,843 | €435,043 | €447,089 | €418,615 | €405,911 | €395,387 | €379,041 |
| Accounts payable | €31,000 | €32,000 | €35,000 | €36,000 | €37,000 | €39,000 | €42,000 | €46,000 | €30,597 | €29,290 | €29,705 | €28,745 |
| Payroll accruals | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 | €18,000 |
| Advance contract billings | €24,800 | €25,000 | €27,500 | €28,160 | €28,160 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €27,300 | €25,025 | €24,832 | €24,832 |
| Current tax payable | €9,607 | €12,723 | €3,445 | €7,176 | €11,194 | €4,329 | €7,769 | €10,178 | €0 | €0 | €0 | €0 |
| Debt | €116,000 | €112,000 | €108,000 | €104,000 | €100,000 | €96,000 | €92,000 | €88,000 | €84,000 | €80,000 | €76,000 | €72,000 |
| Total liabilities | €199,407 | €199,723 | €191,945 | €193,336 | €194,354 | €188,529 | €190,969 | €193,378 | €159,897 | €152,315 | €148,538 | €143,578 |
| Share capital | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 | €50,000 |
| Retained earnings | €113,427 | €125,891 | €136,781 | €151,705 | €167,777 | €180,315 | €194,074 | €203,711 | €208,718 | €203,597 | €196,850 | €185,463 |
| Total equity | €163,427 | €175,891 | €186,781 | €201,705 | €217,777 | €230,315 | €244,074 | €253,711 | €258,718 | €253,597 | €246,850 | €235,463 |
| Assets less liabilities and equity | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | €0 | −€0.000000 | −€0.000000 | €0 | −€0.000000 | €0 | −€0.000000 |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net profit | €10,427 | €12,464 | €10,891 | €14,924 | €16,072 | €12,537 | €13,760 | €9,637 | €5,007 | −€5,122 | −€6,747 | −€11,387 |
| Depreciation add-back | €1,967 | €1,967 | €2,300 | €2,300 | €2,467 | €2,467 | €2,856 | €2,856 | €3,744 | €3,967 | €4,133 | €4,300 |
| Receivables cash effect | −€13,000 | −€9,000 | −€9,000 | −€12,000 | −€16,000 | −€15,000 | −€14,000 | −€17,000 | −€30,880 | €12,183 | −€19,015 | €16,687 |
| Unbilled work cash effect | €5,340 | −€1,121 | −€736 | −€661 | −€2,294 | −€648 | −€3,924 | −€456 | €1,356 | −€1,680 | −€1,062 | €1,416 |
| Payables cash effect | €1,000 | €1,000 | €3,000 | €1,000 | €1,000 | €2,000 | €3,000 | €4,000 | −€15,403 | −€1,307 | €415 | −€960 |
| Advance billings cash effect | €1,800 | €200 | €2,500 | €660 | €0 | €3,040 | €0 | €0 | −€3,900 | −€2,275 | −€192 | €0 |
| Tax balance cash effect | €2,607 | €3,116 | −€9,277 | €3,731 | €4,018 | −€6,866 | €3,440 | €2,409 | −€16,748 | €0 | €0 | −€8,000 |
| Operating cash flow | €10,140 | €8,625 | −€322 | €9,954 | €5,262 | −€2,470 | €5,131 | €1,446 | −€56,824 | €5,766 | −€22,467 | €2,057 |
| Capital expenditure | −€6,000 | €0 | −€12,000 | €0 | −€6,000 | €0 | −€14,000 | €0 | −€32,000 | −€8,000 | −€6,000 | −€6,000 |
| Debt principal | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 | −€4,000 |
| Net cash change | €140 | €4,625 | −€16,322 | €5,954 | −€4,738 | −€6,470 | −€12,869 | −€2,554 | −€92,824 | −€6,234 | −€32,467 | −€7,943 |
| Opening cash | €160,000 | €160,140 | €164,765 | €148,443 | €154,397 | €149,660 | €143,190 | €130,321 | €127,767 | €34,943 | €28,709 | −€3,758 |
| Closing cash | €160,140 | €164,765 | €148,443 | €154,397 | €149,660 | €143,190 | €130,321 | €127,767 | €34,943 | €28,709 | −€3,758 | −€11,701 |
Commercial drivers and delivery capacity
Change the authoritative selector and dated assumptions in the downloadable workbook. The website shows evaluated Base and Downside results from that same model.
Available hours are 160 per paid FTE each month. Subcontractor hours reduce internal hours required; spare capacity remains visible.
| Driver | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retainer accounts | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Delivered project hours | 600 | 625 | 610 | 645 | 670 | 630 | 690 | 650 | 630 | 590 | 590 | 550 |
| Monthly hours per retainer | 82 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 88 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 92 | 92 | 94 |
| Paid delivery FTE | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Subcontractor hours | 135 | 140 | 155 | 160 | 170 | 180 | 195 | 200 | 210 | 200 | 190 | 185 |
| Target closing AR days | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 49 | 52 | 55 | 55 |
| New supplier payable days | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Opening AR collection delay days | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Driver | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monthly retainer fee | €6,200 | €6,250 | €6,250 | €6,400 | €6,400 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,450 | €6,450 |
| Project hourly rate | €115 | €115 | €118 | €118 | €120 | €120 | €120 | €120 | €120 | €120 | €118 | €118 |
| Client media spend administered | €180,000 | €190,000 | €195,000 | €205,000 | €210,000 | €235,000 | €245,000 | €265,000 | €250,000 | €240,000 | €240,000 | €225,000 |
| Loaded monthly pay per FTE | €4,700 | €4,700 | €4,750 | €4,750 | €4,800 | €4,800 | €4,900 | €4,900 | €4,900 | €4,950 | €4,950 | €5,000 |
| Subcontractor hourly rate | €70 | €70 | €72 | €72 | €74 | €74 | €75 | €75 | €82 | €82 | €85 | €85 |
| Direct delivery software | €5,500 | €5,500 | €5,800 | €5,800 | €6,000 | €6,200 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €6,800 |
| Management and admin payroll | €25,000 | €25,000 | €25,500 | €25,500 | €26,000 | €27,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 | €28,000 |
| Sales and marketing | €8,000 | €8,500 | €8,500 | €9,000 | €9,000 | €9,500 | €10,000 | €10,000 | €10,000 | €10,000 | €10,000 | €9,500 |
| Office and general costs | €7,000 | €7,000 | €7,000 | €7,200 | €7,200 | €7,200 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,500 | €7,500 |
| Professional fees | €4,000 | €4,000 | €4,500 | €4,200 | €4,500 | €4,500 | €5,000 | €5,000 | €5,000 | €5,000 | €5,000 | €5,000 |
| Capital purchases | €6,000 | €0 | €12,000 | €0 | €6,000 | €0 | €14,000 | €0 | €32,000 | €8,000 | €6,000 | €6,000 |
| Cash tax paid | €0 | €0 | €12,000 | €0 | €0 | €10,000 | €0 | €0 | €18,000 | €0 | €0 | €8,000 |
| Driver | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unbilled project revenue share | 14.0% | 15.0% | 16.0% | 16.0% | 18.0% | 20.0% | 23.0% | 25.0% | 24.0% | 28.0% | 30.0% | 30.0% |
| Advance contract billing share | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 40.0% | 35.0% | 35.0% | 35.0% | 35.0% |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retainer fee revenue | €62,000 | €62,500 | €68,750 | €70,400 | €70,400 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €78,000 | €71,500 | €70,950 | €70,950 |
| Delivered project fee revenue | €69,000 | €71,875 | €71,980 | €76,110 | €80,400 | €75,600 | €82,800 | €78,000 | €75,600 | €70,800 | €69,620 | €64,900 |
| Client media (excluded from revenue) | €180,000 | €190,000 | €195,000 | €205,000 | €210,000 | €235,000 | €245,000 | €265,000 | €250,000 | €240,000 | €240,000 | €225,000 |
| Loaded delivery payroll | €56,400 | €56,400 | €61,750 | €61,750 | €62,400 | €67,200 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €68,600 | €69,300 | €69,300 | €70,000 |
| Subcontractor cost | €9,450 | €9,800 | €11,160 | €11,520 | €12,580 | €13,320 | €14,625 | €15,000 | €17,220 | €16,400 | €16,150 | €15,725 |
| Direct software | €5,500 | €5,500 | €5,800 | €5,800 | €6,000 | €6,200 | €6,500 | €6,500 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €6,800 | €6,800 |
| Total recognised revenue | €131,000 | €134,375 | €140,730 | €146,510 | €150,800 | €153,600 | €160,800 | €156,000 | €153,600 | €142,300 | €140,570 | €135,850 |
| Total direct costs | €71,350 | €71,700 | €78,710 | €79,070 | €80,980 | €86,720 | €89,725 | €90,100 | €92,620 | €92,500 | €92,250 | €92,525 |
| Gross profit | €59,650 | €62,675 | €62,020 | €67,440 | €69,820 | €66,880 | €71,075 | €65,900 | €60,980 | €49,800 | €48,320 | €43,325 |
| Operating expenses | €44,000 | €44,500 | €45,500 | €45,900 | €46,700 | €48,200 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,500 | €50,000 |
| EBITDA | €15,650 | €18,175 | €16,520 | €21,540 | €23,120 | €18,680 | €20,575 | €15,400 | €10,480 | −€700 | −€2,180 | −€6,675 |
| Billings before contract advances | €136,340 | €133,254 | €139,994 | €145,849 | €148,506 | €152,952 | €156,876 | €155,544 | €154,956 | €140,620 | €139,508 | €137,266 |
| Measure | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total client delivery hours | 1,420 | 1,465 | 1,534 | 1,580 | 1,616 | 1,686 | 1,770 | 1,730 | 1,710 | 1,602 | 1,602 | 1,584 |
| Gross margin | 45.5% | 46.6% | 44.1% | 46.0% | 46.3% | 43.5% | 44.2% | 42.2% | 39.7% | 35.0% | 34.4% | 31.9% |
| Internal delivery hours | 1,285 | 1,325 | 1,379 | 1,420 | 1,446 | 1,506 | 1,575 | 1,530 | 1,500 | 1,402 | 1,412 | 1,399 |
| Available internal hours | 1,920 | 1,920 | 2,080 | 2,080 | 2,080 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 | 2,240 |
| Internal capacity utilisation | 66.9% | 69.0% | 66.3% | 68.3% | 69.5% | 67.2% | 70.3% | 68.3% | 67.0% | 62.6% | 63.0% | 62.5% |
| Unallocated internal hours | 635 | 595 | 701 | 660 | 634 | 734 | 665 | 710 | 740 | 838 | 828 | 841 |
| Recurring service fees / revenue | 47.3% | 46.5% | 48.9% | 48.1% | 46.7% | 50.8% | 48.5% | 50.0% | 50.8% | 50.2% | 50.5% | 52.2% |
| Support tickets | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Receivables, payables and billing discipline
Ageing uses the 31 August reporting date. Receipt dates change under the Downside collection-delay assumption.
Invoices awaiting approval or review, or held for resolution, remain payable but do not enter the scheduled payment forecast.
| Record | Invoice date | Due date | Outstanding | Forecast receipt | Days overdue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR-1 | 2026-06-05 | 2026-07-05 | €24,200 | 2026-09-18 | 57 |
| AR-2 | 2026-06-07 | 2026-07-07 | €26,400 | 2026-09-25 | 55 |
| AR-3 | 2026-06-09 | 2026-07-09 | €28,600 | 2026-10-02 | 53 |
| AR-4 | 2026-07-11 | 2026-08-11 | €22,000 | 2026-10-09 | 20 |
| AR-5 | 2026-07-13 | 2026-08-13 | €30,800 | 2026-09-18 | 18 |
| AR-6 | 2026-08-15 | 2026-09-15 | €26,400 | 2026-09-25 | 0 |
| AR-7 | 2026-08-17 | 2026-09-17 | €33,000 | 2026-10-02 | 0 |
| AR-8 | 2026-08-19 | 2026-09-19 | €28,600 | 2026-10-09 | 0 |
| Record | Invoice total | Paid | Outstanding | Approval | Review | Hold | Scheduled date | Next action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AP-1 | €7,060 | €2,000 | €5,060 | Pending | Complete | Yes | Unscheduled | Approval. Release hold. |
| AP-2 | €5,980 | €0 | €5,980 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-04 | Scheduled |
| AP-3 | €6,440 | €0 | €6,440 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-11 | Scheduled |
| AP-4 | €7,520 | €2,000 | €5,520 | Approved | Pending | No | Unscheduled | Review. |
| AP-5 | €7,360 | €0 | €7,360 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-18 | Scheduled |
| AP-6 | €5,060 | €0 | €5,060 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-18 | Scheduled |
| AP-7 | €7,520 | €2,000 | €5,520 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-25 | Scheduled |
| AP-8 | €5,060 | €0 | €5,060 | Approved | Complete | No | 2026-09-25 | Scheduled |
| EUR unless ratio | Jan actual | Feb actual | Mar actual | Apr actual | May actual | Jun actual | Jul actual | Aug actual | Sep forecast | Oct forecast | Nov forecast | Dec forecast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accounts receivable | €128,000 | €137,000 | €146,000 | €158,000 | €174,000 | €189,000 | €203,000 | €220,000 | €250,880 | €238,697 | €257,712 | €241,024 |
| Unbilled contract assets | €9,660 | €10,781 | €11,517 | €12,178 | €14,472 | €15,120 | €19,044 | €19,500 | €18,144 | €19,824 | €20,886 | €19,470 |
| Accounts payable | €31,000 | €32,000 | €35,000 | €36,000 | €37,000 | €39,000 | €42,000 | €46,000 | €30,597 | €29,290 | €29,705 | €28,745 |
| Advance contract billings | €24,800 | €25,000 | €27,500 | €28,160 | €28,160 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €31,200 | €27,300 | €25,025 | €24,832 | €24,832 |
13-week cash and dated commitments
The bank balance is after 31 August activity. Week one covers 1–6 September. The 13-week window ends 29 November; 30 November appears separately for the month-end bridge.
Daily available cash appears alongside bank cash and weekly closes. Client media money is reserved for its purpose and excluded from available funds. No intraday order is assumed.
Closing cashMinimum cash reserve €50,000
| Week | Starts | Opening bank cash | Net cash | Closing bank cash | Client funds reserved | Available cash | Reserve headroom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W1 | 2026-09-01 | €127,767 | €244,020 | €371,787 | €250,000 | €121,787 | €71,787 |
| W2 | 2026-09-07 | €371,787 | −€310,940 | €60,847 | €0 | €60,847 | €10,847 |
| W3 | 2026-09-14 | €60,847 | €46,348 | €107,194 | €0 | €107,194 | €57,194 |
| W4 | 2026-09-21 | €107,194 | −€72,380 | €34,814 | €0 | €34,814 | −€15,186 |
| W5 | 2026-09-28 | €34,814 | €61,728 | €96,543 | €0 | €96,543 | €46,543 |
| W6 | 2026-10-05 | €96,543 | €20,100 | €116,643 | €0 | €116,643 | €66,643 |
| W7 | 2026-10-12 | €116,643 | €6,220 | €122,862 | €0 | €122,862 | €72,862 |
| W8 | 2026-10-19 | €122,862 | −€97,300 | €25,562 | €0 | €25,562 | −€24,438 |
| W9 | 2026-10-26 | €25,562 | €3,147 | €28,709 | €0 | €28,709 | −€21,291 |
| W10 | 2026-11-02 | €28,709 | €234,000 | €262,709 | €240,000 | €22,709 | −€27,291 |
| W11 | 2026-11-09 | €262,709 | −€218,505 | €44,204 | €0 | €44,204 | −€5,796 |
| W12 | 2026-11-16 | €44,204 | €0 | €44,204 | €0 | €44,204 | −€5,796 |
| W13 | 2026-11-23 | €44,204 | −€47,962 | −€3,759 | €0 | −€3,759 | −€53,759 |
| Reference | Date | Category | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| AR-1 | 2026-09-18 | Customer receipts | €24,200 |
| AR-2 | 2026-09-25 | Customer receipts | €26,400 |
| AR-3 | 2026-10-02 | Customer receipts | €28,600 |
| AR-4 | 2026-10-09 | Customer receipts | €22,000 |
| AR-5 | 2026-09-18 | Customer receipts | €30,800 |
| AR-6 | 2026-09-25 | Customer receipts | €26,400 |
| AR-7 | 2026-10-02 | Customer receipts | €33,000 |
| AR-8 | 2026-10-09 | Customer receipts | €28,600 |
| AP-1 | Not scheduled | Supplier payments | €0 |
| AP-2 | 2026-09-04 | Supplier payments | −€5,980 |
| AP-3 | 2026-09-11 | Supplier payments | −€6,440 |
| AP-4 | Not scheduled | Supplier payments | €0 |
| AP-5 | 2026-09-18 | Supplier payments | −€7,360 |
| AP-6 | 2026-09-18 | Supplier payments | −€5,060 |
| AP-7 | 2026-09-25 | Supplier payments | −€5,520 |
| AP-8 | 2026-09-25 | Supplier payments | −€5,060 |
| NEW-receipts-9-A | 2026-09-15 | Customer receipts | €5,569 |
| NEW-receipts-9-B | 2026-09-28 | Customer receipts | €6,807 |
| NEW-supplier-9-A | 2026-09-15 | Supplier payments | −€1,801 |
| NEW-supplier-9-B | 2026-09-28 | Supplier payments | −€2,202 |
| SCH-payroll-9 | 2026-09-25 | Payroll | −€96,600 |
| SCH-overheads-9 | 2026-09-10 | Operating overheads | −€22,500 |
| SCH-tax-9 | 2026-09-21 | Tax paid | −€18,000 |
| SCH-capex-9 | 2026-09-08 | Capital purchases | −€32,000 |
| SCH-debt-9 | 2026-09-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-9 | 2026-09-28 | Interest paid | −€477 |
| SCH-mediaIn-9 | 2026-09-05 | Client media funds received | €250,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-9 | 2026-09-10 | Client media funds paid | −€250,000 |
| NEW-receipts-10-A | 2026-10-15 | Customer receipts | €17,248 |
| NEW-receipts-10-B | 2026-10-28 | Customer receipts | €21,081 |
| NEW-supplier-10-A | 2026-10-15 | Supplier payments | −€11,028 |
| NEW-supplier-10-B | 2026-10-28 | Supplier payments | −€13,479 |
| SCH-payroll-10 | 2026-10-25 | Payroll | −€97,300 |
| SCH-overheads-10 | 2026-10-10 | Operating overheads | −€22,500 |
| SCH-tax-10 | 2026-10-21 | Tax paid | €0 |
| SCH-capex-10 | 2026-10-08 | Capital purchases | −€8,000 |
| SCH-debt-10 | 2026-10-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-10 | 2026-10-28 | Interest paid | −€455 |
| SCH-mediaIn-10 | 2026-10-05 | Client media funds received | €240,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-10 | 2026-10-10 | Client media funds paid | −€240,000 |
| NEW-receipts-11-A | 2026-11-15 | Customer receipts | €54,135 |
| NEW-receipts-11-B | 2026-11-28 | Customer receipts | €66,165 |
| NEW-supplier-11-A | 2026-11-15 | Supplier payments | −€10,141 |
| NEW-supplier-11-B | 2026-11-28 | Supplier payments | −€12,394 |
| SCH-payroll-11 | 2026-11-25 | Payroll | −€97,300 |
| SCH-overheads-11 | 2026-11-10 | Operating overheads | −€22,500 |
| SCH-tax-11 | 2026-11-21 | Tax paid | €0 |
| SCH-capex-11 | 2026-11-08 | Capital purchases | −€6,000 |
| SCH-debt-11 | 2026-11-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-11 | 2026-11-28 | Interest paid | −€433 |
| SCH-mediaIn-11 | 2026-11-05 | Client media funds received | €240,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-11 | 2026-11-10 | Client media funds paid | −€240,000 |
| NEW-receipts-12-A | 2026-12-15 | Customer receipts | €69,279 |
| NEW-receipts-12-B | 2026-12-28 | Customer receipts | €84,674 |
| NEW-supplier-12-A | 2026-12-15 | Supplier payments | −€10,568 |
| NEW-supplier-12-B | 2026-12-28 | Supplier payments | −€12,917 |
| SCH-payroll-12 | 2026-12-25 | Payroll | −€98,000 |
| SCH-overheads-12 | 2026-12-10 | Operating overheads | −€22,000 |
| SCH-tax-12 | 2026-12-21 | Tax paid | −€8,000 |
| SCH-capex-12 | 2026-12-08 | Capital purchases | −€6,000 |
| SCH-debt-12 | 2026-12-28 | Debt repayment | −€4,000 |
| SCH-interest-12 | 2026-12-28 | Interest paid | −€412 |
| SCH-mediaIn-12 | 2026-12-05 | Client media funds received | €225,000 |
| SCH-mediaOut-12 | 2026-12-10 | Client media funds paid | −€225,000 |
| Date | Opening bank cash | Net cash | Closing bank cash | Reserved client funds | Available cash |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-09-04 | €127,767 | −€5,980 | €121,787 | €0 | €121,787 |
| 2026-09-05 | €121,787 | €250,000 | €371,787 | €250,000 | €121,787 |
| 2026-09-08 | €371,787 | −€32,000 | €339,787 | €250,000 | €89,787 |
| 2026-09-10 | €339,787 | −€272,500 | €67,287 | €0 | €67,287 |
| 2026-09-11 | €67,287 | −€6,440 | €60,847 | €0 | €60,847 |
| 2026-09-15 | €60,847 | €3,768 | €64,614 | €0 | €64,614 |
| 2026-09-18 | €64,614 | €42,580 | €107,194 | €0 | €107,194 |
| 2026-09-21 | €107,194 | −€18,000 | €89,194 | €0 | €89,194 |
| 2026-09-25 | €89,194 | −€54,380 | €34,814 | €0 | €34,814 |
| 2026-09-28 | €34,814 | €128 | €34,943 | €0 | €34,943 |
| 2026-10-02 | €34,943 | €61,600 | €96,543 | €0 | €96,543 |
| 2026-10-05 | €96,543 | €240,000 | €336,543 | €240,000 | €96,543 |
| 2026-10-08 | €336,543 | −€8,000 | €328,543 | €240,000 | €88,543 |
| 2026-10-09 | €328,543 | €50,600 | €379,143 | €240,000 | €139,143 |
| 2026-10-10 | €379,143 | −€262,500 | €116,643 | €0 | €116,643 |
| 2026-10-15 | €116,643 | €6,220 | €122,862 | €0 | €122,862 |
| 2026-10-25 | €122,862 | −€97,300 | €25,562 | €0 | €25,562 |
| 2026-10-28 | €25,562 | €3,147 | €28,709 | €0 | €28,709 |
| 2026-11-05 | €28,709 | €240,000 | €268,709 | €240,000 | €28,709 |
| 2026-11-08 | €268,709 | −€6,000 | €262,709 | €240,000 | €22,709 |
| 2026-11-10 | €262,709 | −€262,500 | €209 | €0 | €209 |
| 2026-11-15 | €209 | €43,995 | €44,204 | €0 | €44,204 |
| 2026-11-25 | €44,204 | −€97,300 | −€53,096 | €0 | −€53,096 |
| 2026-11-28 | −€53,096 | €49,338 | −€3,759 | €0 | −€3,759 |
| 2026-11-30 | −€3,759 | €0 | −€3,759 | €0 | −€3,759 |
Daily available cash low: €-53,096 on 2026-11-27. Funding to restore reserve at that point: €103,096.
Reconciliations and accounting conventions
Differences are evaluated from the selected workbook case. A numerical tie is a consistency check, not an audit opinion.
Tax is a simplified 20% positive-profit assumption. VAT, jurisdiction-specific tax rules, foreign exchange and new financing facilities are excluded.
| Check | Maximum absolute difference | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Balance sheet balances | €0.000000 | €0.01 |
| Cash flow closes to balance sheet cash | €0 | €0.01 |
| Receivables roll forward | €0 | €0.01 |
| Payables roll forward | €0.000000 | €0.01 |
| Opening AR records tie to August | €0 | €0.01 |
| Opening AP records tie to August | €0 | €0.01 |
| Dated events tie to monthly cash flow | €0.000000 | €0.01 |
| Contribution ties to August gross profit | €0 | €0.01 |
| Media receipts equal media payments | €0 | €0.01 |
| Area | Convention |
|---|---|
| Revenue | Retainers earned monthly; project fees recognised for delivered hours. Agency acts as agent for client media: prefunded media receipts and payments are excluded from net fee revenue. Media is settled within each month, with no month-end client-fund balance. |
| Budget | Fixed original dated plan, separate from scenario inputs |
| Assets | Opening monthly depreciation €1,800; new assets 36 months, full purchase month |
| Debt | €4,000 monthly principal; 6.5% annual interest on opening debt |
| Cash timing | Known invoices first; residual receipts/payments 45% on day 15, 55% on day 28 |
| Missing assumptions | Selected blank inputs expose unavailable results; zero remains valid |
CFO actions and decisions
Illustrative actions from the selected model. Owners and dates turn the analysis into a review agenda and a record of follow-through.
| Priority | Finding | Owner | Due | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | €132,000 overdue receivables | Finance lead | 4 September | Obtain invoice-specific payment commitments and escalate broken promises. |
| High | Available cash low €-53,096 on 2026-11-27 | CEO / CFO | 7 September | Review planned capital spending and confirm funding before commitments. |
| High | €19,500 unbilled project work | CFO / commercial lead | 8 September | Check delivery acceptance, billing readiness and scope write-offs. |
| Medium | Internal capacity use 68.3% | Delivery lead | 9 September | Match committed work, subcontractor hours and paid capacity before hiring. |
| Medium | €10,580 AP not scheduled | Operations lead | 4 September | Complete approval and review and release valid holds separately. |
Inspect the formulas behind the review.
Download the linked statements, assumptions, operating schedules and controls. Change the model inputs to examine the forecast.
This example shows the depth available across our finance work. Your engagement defines the models, reports and strategic deliverables included; every advanced module is not automatically included in either starting fee. Compare engagement scope.
Start with a conversation
Build the finance function
your next stage needs.
Tell us where the business stands. We’ll show you how we would run the finance function, the priorities we would address and the team behind the work.
Book a free introductionExplore the engagement and pricing